Optogenetics wins the Nobel – one neuroscience breakthrough in a line of technological innovations helping scientists map and control the brain

Neuroscientific advances follow a pattern of visualizing the brain, measuring its function and then controlling it. Optogenetics may lead to a new era of medical treatment.

2026年諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎頒給光遺傳學相關研究，該技術讓科學家能用光在毫秒尺度上控制特定神經元。文章按“看見大腦、測量功能、控制活動”三條線索梳理了從卡哈爾染色法到腦深部刺激、DREADDs等技術積累，並展望其在恢復視力、鎮痛和癲癇等疾病治療上的前景。